August 2006 News Headlines

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Date this page was last updated: 01/07/2007 03:02:53 PM

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August 31, 2006


Phalangeal bone ultrasound is of limited value in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Rheumatology
I. Scheunemann, et al. - Conclusions: Phalangeal ultrasound is strongly dependent on body and therefore bone size, but other parameters of bone and soft tissues influence the measurements as well. It is not possible to differentiate as to which extent the various components of bone and soft tissue influence the measurement results. Ultrasound might therefore be of limited value in the assessment or screening of the skeletal system in children with JIA...

August 30, 2006


Diffusion tensor imaging of articular cartilage as a measure of tissue microstructure
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
R. Meder Ph.D., et al. - To use diffusion tensor MR micro-imaging to observe differences in magnitude and anisotropy of water diffusion between 'healthy' cartilage and cartilage enzymatically degraded to simulate arthritic damage...Conclusions: These methods have the potential to be used to probe local changes in tissue microstructure and the hydrodynamic status of cartilage during development of osteoarthritis...


Interobserver and Intraobserver Agreement of Lenke and King Classifications for Idiopathic Scoliosis and the Influence of Level of Professional Training
Spine
Niemeyer, Thomas MD, et al. - Conclusions: The results confirm that both classifications have a good reliability. On nonmeasured radiographs, the degree of professional training and the measurement process seem to influence the outcome. On premeasured radiographs, the interobserver agreement does not seem to be influenced by the level of professional training...

 

 

August 28, 2006


Reliability of an efficient MRI-based method for estimation of knee cartilage volume using surface registration
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
J.L. Jaremko M.D., Ph.D., et al. - Conclusion: Tibial surfaces on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be rapidly and accurately co-registered, even in arthritic knees, allowing direct visualization of changes over time. Compared to most current methods, cartilage volume measurement in registered images is faster and has equivalent inter-scan reliability in initially normal subjects...


 


Temporomandibular joint arthritis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the forgotten joint
Current Opinion in Rheumatology
Arabshahi, Bita, et al. - Given the paucity of clinical symptoms in temporomandibular joint arthritis, detection of temporomandibular joint inflammation using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is essential for instituting appropriate therapy in a timely fashion. The use of intra-articular corticosteroids holds promise for control of temporomandibular joint inflammation and prevention of associated morbidities...


Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the paediatric perspective
Pediatric Radiology
Janet E. McDonagh, et al. - Paediatric rheumatology is a relatively new specialty that has developed rapidly over the last 30 years. There have been major advances, which have included improvements in the classification and management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)...


The relationship between alpha angle and resistive index of the femoral epiphysis in the normal and abnormal infant hip
Pediatric Radiology
John Amodio, et al. - Conclusion: There is a direct linear relationship between alpha angle and resistive index in the infant hip. Female infants have a higher average resistive index than male infants. We believe that these results might serve as a model for predicting an infant hip at risk of ischemia. In addition, the fact that lower resistive indices of the femoral epiphysis are associated with acetabular dysplasia might help explain the documented low incidence of avascular necrosis in untreated hip dysplasia...


Influence of arm movement on central tip location of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs)
Pediatric Radiology
Bairbre Connolly, et al. - Conclusion: Arm position is the significant variable influencing PICC movement. Side, site and vein do not influence the range of movement significantly. Most PICCs descend deeper into the chest with arm adduction and elbow bending...


A critical appraisal of radiographic scoring systems for assessment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Pediatric Radiology
Andrea S. Doria, et al. - Assessing structural damage to joints over time is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for patients with inflammatory arthritis. Although radiography is able to quantify joint damage, the changes found with conventional radiography early in the disease course are nonspecific, and late radiographic changes are often irreversible...


Imaging of juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Pediatric Radiology
Karl Johnson - Over the past decade there have been considerable changes in the classification and imaging of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Radiology now has a considerable role in the management of JIA, the differential diagnosis, monitoring disease progression and detecting complications...

 

 

August 25, 2006


Arthroscopic Validation of Radiographic Grading Scales of Osteoarthritis of the Tibiofemoral Joint
American Journal of Roentgenology
Richard Kijowski, et al. - The Kellgren-Lawrence and Brandt grading scales were equally effective in defining the presence of and estimating the severity of osteoarthritis of the tibiofemoral joint but had only a moderately strong correlation with the actual degree of articular cartilage degeneration...


 


A simple method to determine the pelvic inclination angle based on anteroposterior radiographs
Journal of Orthopaedic Science
Masaru Kitajima, et al. - Conclusions: The pelvic inclination angle can be estimated by measuring the height of the pelvic foramen according to our formula. Our formula was shown to have adequate reliability and reproducibility...


 

August 24, 2006


Pain Response in the First Trimester after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures with or without Bone Marrow Edema
American Journal of Neuroradiology
M.H.J. Voormolen, et al. - Pain decrease after PV in patients with VCF is more frequently observed when full BME is present. Because 71% of patients with VCF with absent BME responded favorably on pain, PV should not be withheld based on absence of BME alone...


Long-Term Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Bioresorbable Anterior Cervical Plate Resorption Following Fusion for Degenerative and Traumatic Disk Disruption
Spine
Vaccaro, Alexander R. MD, et al. - Conclusions: Based on MRI assessment, these devices, at more than 2-year follow-up, did not indicate any local chronic inflammation or swelling resulting from their degradation. Clinical symptoms of dysphagia or dysarthria, a common reported problem following anterior cervical spine procedures, were not observed in any patient...

 

 

August 23, 2006


What is the implication of scaphoid ring signin advanced Kienböck's disease? Is it a signof advanced carpal collapse or rotaryscaphoid subluxation?
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Xu Gong, et al. - Conclusion: Based on the results, we suppose the scaphoid ring sign is the implication of rotary scaphoid subluxation in stage IIIB, which was caused by destructions of LRL and SLIL ligaments. All procedures aimed at stage IIIB must account for this important factor...


Subsequent Vertebral Fractures after Vertebroplasty: Association with Intraosseous Clefts
American Journal of Neuroradiology
A.T. Trout, et al. - Patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures containing clefts are at increased risk for subsequent fractures and treatment of these clefts is associated with increased rates of adjacent fracture. There is no significant difference in the timing of subsequent fractures based on the presence of a cleft...


Correlation of Histopathological Findings and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the Spine of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Arthritis Research & Therapy
Heiner Appel, et al. - Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects primarily the sacroiliac joints and the spine...This first study correlating histopathological changes in the spine of AS patients with findings in MRI scans suggests that a substantial degree of bone marrow inflammation and edema is necessary to be detected by MRI...


 

August 22, 2006


Does Vertebroplasty Cause Incident Vertebral Fractures? A Review of Available Data
American Journal of Neuroradiology
A.T. Trout, et al. - Vertebroplasty has been in practice in the United States for approximately 10 years and has been described as providing significant benefit to patients with painful vertebral compression fractures. Although the procedure appears to provide dramatic pain relief, it is not without complications. The primary point of discussion in this paper is whether vertebroplasty predisposes patients to the development of additional vertebral fractures, at a rate higher than that seen in the absence of vertebroplasty...


Computed tomography assisted osteodensitometry in total hip arthroplasty
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
Pandit, Salil, et al. - Periprosthetic bone remodelling is an important issue in total hip arthroplasty, which can compromise long-term outcomes...Conclusion: The newly designed tapered stem showed good clinical and radiological outcomes with a proximal femoral bone loss that compares favourably with other studies...


Multiparameter quantitative computer-assisted tomography assessment of unicompartmental knee arthroplasties
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
Campbell, et al. - Conclusion: The UniCAT protocol uses less radiation than whole-limb spiral scans and is a method that can be used with all modern computer-assisted tomography machines. The coronal and sagital alignment results compare favourably with previous published reports without computer-assisted tomography. Component rotation has not previously been reported and its implications are yet to be defined...


Spurious Elevation of Bone Mass Secondary to Paget Disease in a Patient With Osteoporosis
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
Shanmugam, Nataraj MD, et al. - Bone mass assessment performed by dual-energy densitometry (DEXA) on a 78-year-old man showed significant osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and nondominant left femur. Bone density of the right femur, however, was within normal limits. A bone scan performed earlier demonstrated diffusely increased uptake in the right femur consistent with Paget disease...


Incidental Diagnosis of Peyronie Disease on Bone Scintigraphy
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
Ho, Yvonne Y. MBBS, Franzcr, et al. - A 51-year-old man with renal failure, admitted for fever and pain over his peritoneal dialysis catheter site, was diagnosed with a pelvic abscess. Whole-body bone scintigraphy, performed as part of the septic workup, showed incidental uptake of Tc-99m MDP in the perineum. This is consistent with tunica albuginea calcification confirmed on penile ultrasound, x-ray, and computed tomography. The patient later revealed a history of erectile dysfunction. Imaging findings and history are consistent with Peyronie disease

 

 

August 21, 2006


Spiral Computed Tomography for the Initial Evaluation of Spine Trauma: A New Standard of Care?
Journal of Trauma
Antevil, Jared L. MD, et al. - Conclusions: SCT is a more rapid and sensitive modality for evaluating the spine compared with PFR and is obtained at a similar cost. The advantages of SCT suggest that this readily available diagnostic modality may replace PFR as the standard of care for the initial evaluation of the spine in trauma patients...


 

August 18, 2006


External Beam Radiation Helps Prevent Heterotopic Bone Formation in Patients With a History of Heterotopic Ossification
Journal of Arthroplasty
Samuel T. Chao MD, et al. - The aim of this study was to determine if radiation prevents heterotopic ossification (HO) in HO-forming patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or HO excision alone. Patients with HO in the ipsilateral hip (63 treated with THA revision and 25 treated with HO excision alone) and HO in the contralateral hip (36 treated with primary THA) were termed HO-forming patients...


 

August 17, 2006


An automated image-processing strategy to analyze dynamic arterial spin labeling perfusion studies. Application to human skeletal muscle under stress
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Frédérique Frouin, et al. - Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion measurements allow the follow-up of muscle perfusion with high temporal resolution during a stress test. Automated image processing is proposed to estimate perfusion maps from ASL images. It is based on two successive analyses: at first, automated rejection of the image pairs between which a large displacement is detected is performed, followed by factor analysis of the dynamic data and cluster analysis to classify pixels with large signal variation characteristic of vessels...


Prenatal diagnosis of anasarca in an end-second trimester fetus presenting with sacrococcygeal teratoma by magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Kai Nassenstein, et al. - Fetal hydrops is a known complication of sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) due to arteriovenous shunts within the tumor, which is clinically important and influence patients' prognosis. We present unique MRI morphological findings of a marked fetal anasarca in a case of an end-second trimester fetus presenting with SCT...

 

 

August 16, 2006


The 3D-based scaling index algorithm: a new structure measure to analyze trabecular bone architecture in high-resolution MR images in vivo
Osteoporosis International
D. Mueller, et al. - Conclusion: mPalpha yielded a robust measure of trabecular bone microarchitecture for HR-MR images of the radius, which significantly improved the diagnostic performance in differentiating postmenopausal women with and without osteoporotic spine fractures compared with standard 2D bone histomorphometric parameters. This 3D characterization of trabecular microarchitecture may provide a new approach to better assess the strength of human cancellous bone using HR-MR image data...


Which radiological investigations should be performed to identify fractures in suspected child abuse?
Clinical Radiology
A.M. Kemp, et al. - In children under 2-years old, where physical abuse is suspected, diagnostic imaging of the skeleton should be mandatory. SS or BS alone is inadequate to identify all fractures. It is recommended that all SS should include oblique views of the ribs...


MRI of the ankle
Applied Radiology
Muhammad Ali, MBBS, et al. - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used for the evaluation of peripheral joints. This article discusses issues related to performing and interpreting MRI of the ankle. The authors detail patient positioning, protocols for high and low field-strength extremity scanners, and artifacts that commonly occur in this region. Pathologic findings are described for the medial, lateral, anterior, and posterior regions of the ankle...
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August 15, 2006


Magnetic Resonance Imaging 20 Years After Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Spine
Wai, Eugene K. M.D., et al. - Conclusion: The prevalence of degenerative changes is similar to other studies involving normal asymptomatic subjects. Furthermore, the majority of degenerative changes seen occurred over multiple levels or at levels not adjacent to the fusion, suggesting that changes seen may be more likely related to constitutional factors as opposed to the increased stresses arising from the original fusion...


 

August 14, 2006


Reproducibility of Measurement of Femoral Component Rotation After Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Computer Tomography
Journal of Arthroplasty
Thomas Suter MD, et al. - Both the condylar twist angle (CTA) and the posterior condylar angle (PCA) describe rotational alignment of the femoral component after total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of the measured axes which determine these angles...

 

 

August 11, 2006


False Magnetic Resonance Imaging Persistence of a Biodegradable Anterior Cruciate Ligament Interference Screw With Chronic Inflammation After 4 Years In Vivo
Arthroscopy
Surgeons should be aware that the degradation kinetics of biodegradable implants likely influence the rate of osseous integration, and depend on numerous factors such as polymer weight, crystallinity, and stereocopolymer ratio. We present a case of inflammatory reaction at a polylactide tibial interference screw site more than 4 years after primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction...


Measuring orthopedic implant wear on standard radiographs with a precision in the 10 micro m-range
Medical Image Analysis
The aim of this study has been to explore and verify whether the use of a previously designed Analysis-by-Synthesis algorithm is capable to precisely measuring implant wear. The abrasion of polyethylene particles is seen as the main reason for the loosening of prosthetic components in the hip...


A hierarchical 3D segmentation method and the definition of vertebral body coordinate systems for QCT of the lumbar spine
Medical Image Analysis
We have developed a new hierarchical 3D technique to segment the vertebral bodies in order to measure bone mineral density (BMD) with high trueness and precision in volumetric CT datasets. The hierarchical approach starts with a coarse separation of the individual vertebrae, applies a variety of techniques to segment the vertebral bodies with increasing detail and ends with the definition of an anatomic coordinate system for each vertebral body, relative to which up to 41 trabecular and cortical volumes of interest are positioned...


 

August 10, 2006


Computed Tomography Measurement of the Accuracy of Component Version in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Journal of Arthroplasty
The version of the acetabular and femoral components in 111 primary total hip arthroplasties was prospectively evaluated intraoperatively by the surgeon and compared with postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan measurements...Conclusion: The intraoperative estimation of acetabular and femoral version in a total hip arthroplasty is of limited accuracy...


 

August 8, 2006


Performance of Hand Radiographs in Predicting the Diagnosis in Patients with Early Arthritis
Journal of Rheumatology
Conclusion: In our cohort of patients with recent arthritis, the overall performance of hand radiographs in predicting a diagnosis 2 years later was modest. However, they had an excellent diagnostic value for calcium deposition diseases...


Teleconsultation with Digital Camera Images Is Useful for Fracture Care
Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research
Reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of the digitized radiographs were not decreased after transmitting via E-mail. The level of experience in radio- graphic interpretation was associated independently with fracture misdiagnosis. Teleconsultation using digital camera images was valid and reliable. We recommend sending clinical photographs with the digitized radiograph...

 

 

August 7, 2006


Low-field MRI for assessing synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Impact of Gd-DTPA dose on synovitis scoring
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology
Conclusion: In low-field MRI, when evaluating RA, the dose of the contrast material influences synovitis scoring. Therefore, dosage of contrast material should be taken into consideration when using extremity dedicated low-field MRI...


Imaging the infrapatellar tendon in the elite athlete
Clinical Radiology
Extensor mechanism injuries constitute a major cause of anterior knee pain in the elite athlete. Sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the imaging methods of choice when assessing the infrapatellar tendon. A comprehensive imaging review of infrapatellar tendon normal anatomy, tendinopathy, and partial/full-thickness tendon tears is provided...


Two-year Outcomes of Computed Tomography-based and Computed Tomography Free Navigation for Total Knee Arthroplasties
Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research
Optimal component position in all planes and well-balanced soft tissues facilitate a good clinical outcome and long-term survival after total knee arthroplasties...The computed tomography-based approach has a good pre-operative planning procedure, but is more expensive and time consuming...


 

August 4, 2006


Clinical follow-up of 50 patients treated by percutaneous lumbar discectomy
Clinical Imaging
The results obtained were already almost definitive at the seventh day of follow-up, and further controls rarely demonstrated an improvement in the pain. The location of the herniated disc is a parameter which appears to be very important in the efficacy of percutaneous discectomy. We noted an improvement of more than 70% in 79% of the posterolateral foraminal or extraforaminal hernias, although these favorable results were observed only in 50% of the posteromedian hernias...


Familial, structural, and environmental correlates of MRI-defined bone marrow lesions: a sibpair study
Arthritis Research & Therapy
The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability and describe the correlates of bone marrow lesions in knee subchondral bone. A sibpair design was used. T2- and T1-weighted MRI scans were performed on the right knee to assess bone marrow lesions at lateral tibia and femora and medial tibia and femora, as well as chondral defects. A radiograph was taken on the same knee and scored for individual features of osteoarthritis (radiographic osteoarthritis; ROA) and alignment...

 

 

August 3, 2006


Vascularity of the Femoral Head After Birmingham Hip Resurfacing. A Technetium Tc 99m Bone Scan/Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Study
Journal of Arthroplasty
To investigate the vascularity of femoral heads after Birmingham hip resurfacing (BHR), we used a visual scale to assess technetium Tc 99m HDP planar and single photon emission computed tomography bone scans of 36 arthroplasties in 32 asymptomatic patients for an average of 26 months after BHR...We speculate that preserved femoral head vascularity after BHR may be related to increased intraosseous blood supply from metaphyseal vessels in arthritic hips...

 

August 2, 2006


Two and Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography for the Classification and Management of Distal Humeral Fractures
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
Conclusions: Three-dimensional reconstructions improve the reliability, but not the accuracy, of fracture classification and characterization. The influence of three-dimensional computed tomography was much more notable for intraobserver comparisons than for interobserver comparisons, suggesting that different observers see different things in the scans?most likely a reflection of the training, knowledge, and experience of the observer with regard to these relatively uncommon and complex injuries...

 

 

August 1, 2006


Nonlinear Finite Element Model Predicts Vertebral Bone Strength and Fracture Site
Spine
A study on computed tomography (CT)-based finite element (FE) method that predicts vertebral strength and fracture site using human cadaveric specimens...Conclusions: Nonlinear FE model predicted vertebral strength and fracture site accurately...


 


Do check X-rays influence the management of patients who have undergone hip fracture fixation using image intensifier guidance?
Injury
To determine if postoperative check X-rays influence the management of patients who have undergone hip fracture fixation using image intensifier guidance and the possible economic impact...Conclusion: If these check X-rays are avoided, there is a potential saving of over £2000 in our hospital and £38,800 in Scotland per annum...